What do Member States need in order to successfully implement the revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive?
This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the policy needs that European Union Member States face in implementing the 2024 Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). As one of the first major outputs of the EPBD.wise project, it establishes the evidence base that will inform the development of future policy guidelines and implementation pathways across Europe.
The report examines the challenges, opportunities and support needs associated with the directive’s main policy instruments, offering valuable insights for policymakers, public authorities, stakeholders and practitioners involved in the transition towards a more energy-efficient and decarbonised building stock.
The analysis focuses on the key elements of the revised EPBD, including Zero-Emission Buildings (ZEBs), National Building Renovation Plans (NBRPs), minimum energy performance standards and national renovation trajectories, Renovation Passports and Energy Performance Certificates. For each of these policy areas, the report identifies the conditions, frameworks and enabling measures required to support effective implementation at the national level.
A central finding of the report is that successful implementation will depend not only on technical solutions but also on broader policy considerations. Affordability, social acceptance, flexibility and long-term policy coherence emerge as critical factors that Member States must address when designing national implementation frameworks. The report also highlights the importance of avoiding lock-in effects and ensuring that all measures contribute effectively to Europe’s long-term climate and energy objectives.
The findings are based on an extensive evidence-gathering process that combined desk research, stakeholder surveys, bilateral consultations and thematic workshops. This analysis is complemented by information drawn from national renovation strategies, National Energy and Climate Plans and other relevant policy documents, providing a detailed understanding of implementation challenges across different national contexts.
As the starting point of the EPBD.wise project’s policy development process, the report provides the foundation for the next phases of work, including the development of tailored policy packages for focus countries and the replication of solutions across all EU Member States.
By identifying common challenges and policy needs, the report contributes to the development of practical, evidence-based approaches to support the successful implementation of the revised EPBD while ensuring that building decarbonisation remains socially balanced, economically feasible and effective.
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